The Social Assistance and Support Work sector plays a critical role in the well-being of vulnerable individuals across Australia. From disability support to aged care, these services are essential. However, the industry's demands place support workers at higher risk of injury, stress, and burnout due to long hours, physically demanding work, and intense emotional interactions with clients. This environment can make sustained, effective support challenging for the workers themselves.
Injury data: Understanding the impact
In the Social Assistance sector, workplace injuries are predominantly physical and often exacerbated by the nature of support work. More importantly, workers compensation claims in this cohort have longer duration and are more costly than the scheme average.
- Common injury types: Upper limb injuries are most frequent (34%), followed by back and neck (23%), and lower limb injuries (22%), often due to repetitive lifting tasks required for assisting clients.
- Common injury mechanisms: Workers face significant risks from being struck by moving objects (31.8%), often during confrontational scenarios, along with body stressing (26.1%) and falls, slips, and trips (20%) in unpredictable environments. Mental stress, driven by the emotional nature of the work, also plays a role, accounting for over 10% of injury claims and more than twice the rate of psychological injury of other industries
Source: ReturnToWorkSA – Industry Risk Analysis Report (2021-2023 FY)
Common hazards and risks: The everyday realities
Support workers frequently face risks that impact their health and safety, including:
- High workload and low job control: Many support workers report overwhelming workloads and limited autonomy, factors that contribute to increased burnout and lower job engagement.
- Emotional demands and insufficient training: Around 40% of workers describe their roles as emotionally exhausting, which can contribute to higher turnover rates and difficulty in sustaining a career in the field. While 95% of workers receive training, only 49% felt this training adequately prepared them for their role
- Casualisation: A large proportion of workers in this sector are employed on a casual basis, lacking leave entitlements and job security, adding to the stress and burnout in this field.
- Occupational violence and aggression: 84% of workers surveyed in the disability sector had experience work-related violence in the past 12 months. Almost half these workers felt that they did not experience adequate post-incident support.
- Working in Isolation and low levels of support: Many support workers perform their duties in isolated environments, which can make the provision of support, feedback and recognition difficult. Managers and team leaders in these environments also report that their ability to provide staff support is hampered by high workloads.
Source: ReturnToWorkSA Industry Profile – Social Assistance, 2023
Health data and risk factors: The hidden health crisis
The physical demands are only one aspect of the challenges in this field. Social assistance workers often face:
- Mental and Emotional Well-being Strain - Up to 43% of disability support workers report high levels of job-related stress, burnout, and low job satisfaction, largely due to heavy workloads and limited control over work conditions.
- Economic and Social Strain - Workers report low wages and the need for multiple jobs to make ends meet, which has negative implications for both mental health and job satisfaction.
Source: ReturnToWorkSA Industry Profile - Social Assistance, 2023
Additional resources: Tools to support workers’ well-being
Several resources aim to support workers and improve conditions in the Social Assistance industry.
- Managing Psychosocial Hazards and Risks in the Workplace: (external site) (external site) (external site) Free online module by GPEX, designed for managers and leaders to learn strategies for identifying and managing psychological risks to enhance workplace wellbeing and safety.
- APHIRM Toolkit: (external site) (external site) (external site) Practical resource to help workplaces assess and manage psychosocial hazards, with a focus on supporting mental health through evidence-based risk management strategies.
- People at Work: (external site) (external site) (external site) Free, validated risk assessment tool for workplaces in Australia, designed to identify and mitigate psychosocial hazards impacting employee wellbeing and mental health.
- SMART Design for Care (external site) (external site) (external site): Focuses on creating mentally healthy workplaces in healthcare and social assistance through evidence-based work design interventions, aiming to prevent psychological injuries like burnout.
- Frontline Practice Leadership (external site) (external site) (external site): Self-paced training modules designed to enhance the supervisory and leadership skills of frontline managers and experienced support workers, with a focus on improving service quality for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
- Living with Disability Research Centre, La Trobe University: (external site) (external site) (external site) A comprehensive collection of resources to support people with disabilities, their families, and care providers, including training modules, guides on inclusive practices, and resources for risk management and decision-making support in disability care.
- Addressing occupational violence in the Victorian disability sector (external site) (external site) (external site): This resource from NDS (National Disability Services) offers guidance and tools to help disability service providers identify, manage, and reduce risks of occupational violence, aiming to create safer workplaces for support staff.
- Guides for managing psychosocial hazards and risks in the social assistance sector: Developed by ReturnToWorkSA, these practical tools are designed to help workplaces take immediate steps toward creating a safe and healthier workplace.
- Insights on 'Languishing' (external site) (external site): Be Well Co’s 'Languishing' page helps visitors recognise and overcome feeling stuck or unmotivated. It offers a free report, practical strategies, and workplace solutions to boost wellbeing and performance.
- Harmful Behaviours in the Workplace (external site) (PDF) (external site) (PDF): Prepared by Flinders University for Safe Work Australia, this report explores bullying, harassment, and workplace violence. It offers evidence-based strategies to prevent and manage these issues, fostering a safer, more respectful work environment.
- Churchill Fellowship project on vicarious trauma (external site) (external site): Explore emerging strategies to manage indirect trauma exposure using an occupational safety framework. Conducted in 2024, this research aims to gather practical and strategic advice to support Australian services in effectively preventing vicarious trauma.